Optical fibers are fundamental components in modern science and technology due to their inherent advantages, providing an efficient and secure medium for applications such as internet communication ...

Optical communication is a critical part of the global communication infrastructure, meeting the growing data demand 1,2,3,4,5. While space-division multiplexing (SDM) technology utilizes orthogonal ...

Schematic of the experimental setup: a spatial light modulator (SLM) generates tailored mode superposition. The MMF scrambles the field. A camera is used to capture the speckle patterns emerging from ...

Incoherent beam combining is widely used in high-power laser systems due to its simplicity, stability, and scalability, as it avoids frequency, phase, and polarization locking. However, efficiently ...